Educational Policies and
Nationalization in Pakistan - 1972
Every
new government had new National Education
Policy with different objectives throughout the history but unable to
achieved all designed goals due to involving of political aspects. Pakistan has
to face different challenges due to changing of learning policies throughout
the history. The government was responsible to monitor and evaluate the
performance of institutions. The major role was to ensure all programs
completed within timelines. Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) played an important
role to make nationalize private institutions. This step was taken purely on
political basis.
Education Policy of Pakistan - 1979
This was
the first education policy after
nationalization of institutions in Pakistan. The President of Pakistan called a
meeting in Oct 1977 after changing the government in 1977 and new policy was announced
in 1979 having following important features in presence of Pakistan
Constitution.
v
All
contents must be around the Islamic thought
v
All
Islamic school must be introduced with new scientific techniques
v
Urdu
language should/must be used as medium of instruction in all institutions/offices
v
The
government will provide training opportunities for good work production
v
Technical
training and learning must be focused
v
Establishment
of new institutions along with quality training
v
Community
participation must be ensured to increase the literacy rate
v
For
women empowerment, separate schools/colleges must be established all over the
country
The main
objectives and goals of above policy were not implemented and achieved
Educational Policy in Pakistan -1992
 |
| Pakistan Education Policy 1992 |
The main
features of this policy were as following:
v
All
contents must be around the Islamic thought
v
Make
it possible to increase enrollment of primary education by 2002
v
It
was decided to increase literacy rate up to 70% by 2002
v
The
role of teachers and learning process must be moderate
v
Mobilizing
the community/media participation to promote early and primary learning
v
The
government will appreciate to private sector and its participation in education
programs
v
Vocational
and technical skills must be focused at high school level
v
To
make strong examination and admission procedure, National Testing Services
(NTS) must be introduced which will be helpful to design merit base system all
over the country.
Again the
main objectives and goals were not achieved/ implemented due to involving of
political interests; however following objectives were achieved positively in
this policy.
v
To
promote early and primary education along with quality.
v
School
Management Committee (SMC) system was introduced at lowest level all over the
country
v
Pakistani
women were invited to play role in teaching profession
v
Quality
teachers were focused and encouraged by providing them awards
v
By
following the order of Supreme Count of Pakistan, student Unions were banned at
university level
Pakistan National Education Policy (1998-2010)
The salient
features of changing policies from 1998 to 2010 were as following:
v
It
was decided to introduce all learning centers in light of Quran and Sunnah
v
Once
again literacy rate was focused to increase up to 70% by 2010
v
Student
enrollment was strongly focused to enroll 105% children by 2010 all over the
country. For this purpose double shifts were started in existing schools.
v
In
this policy secondary school level education also targeted and will try to
increase participation from 31% to 48% by 2003.
v
Quality
teachers were focused and all teachers must be trained and skilled so that they
can introduce students with new scientific techniques
v
The
government committed to expand at least 5% for higher education by 2010
Different challenges
in other fields like Information Technology, Documentation Services, Innovation
Programs, Monitoring and Evaluation system were targeted to face by 2010.
